The aim – to study the levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) depending on carbohydrate and lipid disorders in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and metabolic syndrome (MS).
Material and methods. One hundred and sixty patients with EH and MS have been included, soluble leptin receptor levels were determined in 84 of them. Four groups have been formed: 1st – patients with MS without carbohydrate disorders, 2nd – patients with MS and insulin resistance without carbohydrate disorders, 3rd – patients with MS and impaired glucose tolerance, 4th – patients with MS and diabetes mellitus (DM). The separate analysis for men and women was carried out in all groups. The following methods were used: body mass index, waist circumference, monitoring of blood pressure, echocardiography, fast levels of sOB-R, leptin, glucose, insulin, with definition of an index of HOMA.
Results. Сhanges of the leptin and sOB-R levels depended on carbohydrate and lipid disorders. The pts of the 4th group had higher leptin levels compared to the 1st group both in women (61.96±9.51 vs 27.99±5.65 ng/ml) and in men (52,52±12.24 vs 12.42±2.73 ng/ml). The higher FLI ratios (the ratio of leptin to the leptin receptor sOB-R) were found in women (4.77±0.83) and men (3,93±1.27) with EH, MS and DM compared to the groups of patients without carbohydrate metabolism disorders (1.67±0.33 and 0.73±0.19, respectively). The close correlation was found between FLI and HOMA index (r=0.63, p=0.05 and r=0.51, p=0.05) in the female and male groups, accordingly.
Conclusions. Carbohydrate and lipid disorders were strongly related to the ratio of leptin and sOB-R in patients with EH and MS. FLI ratio may be used as a marker of leptin resistance in order to improve estimation of the cardiometabolic risk.
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